Russian Biologist Vladimir Demikhov (1916–1998) and his Contribution in the Research of the Problem of Vital Organs Transplantation
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- The History and the Modern State of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery. E-POSTER (ORAL) SESSION
- E-Poster (oral)
Russian Biologist Vladimir Demikhov (1916–1998) and his Contribution in the Research of the Problem of Vital Organs Transplantation
Sergey P. Glyantsev
A.N. Bakulev NMRCCS, Moscow, Russia
Date, time and location: 2018.05.26 08:30, Exhibition area, 1st Floor. Zone – D
Abstract
Objective.Vladimir Demikhov (1916–1998) is known throughout the
world as a pioneer in the transplantation of vital organs in an experiment.However,
his contribution to this problem is not clearly established and not evaluated.
Methods.The
archival documents and Demikhov’sscientific
publications were
used.
Results.In
different years Demikhov created some models of vital organs (heart and lungs):1)
an isolated heart (without lung) transplanted anatomically into the orthotopic
position to replace the biological one (model ofsubstitutivecirculation);2)
a second, additional, isolated heart transplanted into the heterotopic position
in bypass the left ventricle (model of ancillary circulation);3)
the second, additional, isolated (or with a lobe of the lung) heart worked
parallel to the biological organ (model of parallel circulation);4)
the second, additional, isolated (or with a lobe of the lung) heart, providing
blood supply to one of the halves of the trunk (model of separate blood
circulation);5)
a heart with two lungs transplanted to the orthotopic position to replace
biological organs;6)
cardiopulmonary complex with pulmonary and coronary circles to maintain
contractility of the donor heart during its transfer to the chest;7)
isolated (without the heart) the middle or lower lobe of the lung transplanted
to the orthotopic position (the whole lung or two lungs Demikhov did not
transplant);8)
the lobe of the lung with the heart, used to reduce the number of vascular
anastomoses, and as a toils for embolus.All
these models were tested in experiments and descriptions in Russian (1960),
English (1962), German (1963) and Spanish (1967).
Conclusions.
During
Demikhov's life, for various reasons, most of these models were not introduced
into the clinic.Nevertheless,
the analysis showed that the ideas of their creation played a certain role in
the research ofthe problem of transplantation of vital organs.